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Am I Not a Man and a Brother? Brass Conder halfpenny token. [England]: N.p., ca. 1790s-1800. Diam. 31 mm. Atkins 144, D&H, Middlesex 1038a.
Plain edge. Obverse with a kneeling man in chains with legend, "Am I Not A Man And A Brother." Reverse with clasped hands and legend ""May slavery & oppression cease throughout the world". Edge reads: "Payable in Dublin".
A desirable anti-slavery Conder halfpenny token. Probably issued by the Society for Effecting the Abolition of the Slave Trade, established by Granville Sharp and Thomas Clarkson in 1787, who commissioned the original design the next year. First appearing in print in the March 1788 issue of The Gentleman's Magazine, it was widely popularized by Josiah Wedgwood, who produced "Am I Not a Brother and a Man" jasperware cameos in the late 1780s. The first numismatic instance was circa 1794 with a reverse legend with the so-called "Golden Rule" from the King James version of Matthew 7:12, with at least 6 variations (Dalton and Hamer, Middlesex 233-238). This issue features the clasped hands with the plea, " May Slavery & Oppression cease throughout the world (D&H, Middlessex 1037-1039), with several variations.
Sales of the tokens helped to fund the Society and its anti-slavery mission. The obverse design would go on to be imitated by American Hard Times tokens (HT-81 & HT-82).
An important abolitionist token.
References:
James Atkins. The Tradesmen's Tokens of the Eighteenth Century. London: W.S. Lincoln & Son, 1892.
Kyle Knapp. "Numismatic Impressions of the Abolitionist Movement." The Condor Token Collector's Journal. Vol. XV No. 1, Spring 2010. pp. 27-31.
R. Dalton and S.H. Hamer. The Provincial Token-Coinage of the 18th Century. 1910.
[Civil War, Union, Confederate] [African Americana, African American History, Black History, Slavery, Enslavement, Abolition, Emancipation] [Currency, Tokens, Medals, Numismia, Numismatics, Exonumia, Bonds, Coins, Banknotes]
Slabbed and graded by Numismatic Guaranty Company as Very Fine Details, noting that it has been cleaned.
Note: Edge is noted by NGC as reading in "Payable in Dublin". Most examples, as noted by Atkins and D&H, read "Payable in Dublin or London". We are unable to examine the edge further, however, due to the slab.
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