Warm Spring Indians. Full-length group studio portrait. Series: "Indian Celebrities." San Francisco: Thomas Houseworth & Co., [1874-1886]. Series title, view title, and 9 Montgomery St. imprint to mount recto. 

A group portrait of 14 members of the Tenino people, commonly known as the Warm Springs Indians, from the north-central region of Oregon. Each subject wears traditional clothing and adornments, including feathered headdresses, woven blankets, and jewelry. Several figures hold traditional instruments, weapons, and tools. 

The Warm Springs reservation was first established in 1855 when, along with other tribes of middle Oregon,  they signed a treaty with the U.S. government negotiated by Oregon Superintendent of Indian Affairs Joel Palmer. Today they are part of the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs, comprised ot the Tenino, two bands of Wasco, and the Northern Paiutes who first arrived in 1879.

Thomas Houseworth (1828-1915) was a San Francisco photographer who operated his studio at 9 Montgomery St. from 1874 until 1886, before moving to Mission Street. He was a leading retailer of California views, often purchasing the negatives of other photographers. 

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